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Regulation

ESPR — the framework

The Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 is the legal framework under which the Digital Product Passport is introduced across most physical goods placed on the EU single market. It replaced the 2009 Ecodesign Directive and entered into force on 18 July 2024.

În vigoareSe aplică de la 18 July 2024 (framework) — sector obligations phase in by delegated act

Scope

ESPR applies to nearly all physical goods sold in the EU, with the exception of food, feed, medicinal products, living organisms, and products covered by other dedicated regimes.

The 2025–2030 Working Plan

On 15 April 2025 the Commission adopted the first ESPR Working Plan, covering 2025–2030. It identifies the first wave of priority products that will receive Ecodesign requirements — and therefore a DPP — through delegated acts.

Priority product groups:

  • Final products: textiles (apparel focus), furniture, tyres, mattresses.
  • Intermediate products: iron & steel, aluminium.
  • Energy-related products: washing machines, tumble dryers, dishwashers, televisions, small electronics.
  • Horizontal measures: rules on repairability and on the destruction of unsold products.

Not in the first plan (but under study for later inclusion): chemicals (study concluded end of 2025) and footwear (study by end of 2027). Sector-specific regulations (batteries, construction products, toys, detergents) cover those categories separately.

How obligations become concrete

ESPR is a framework. Concrete obligations — which data points, which carrier, which deadlines — are set per product group through delegated acts adopted by the Commission after an impact assessment and public consultation. The first formal delegated acts are expected in early 2027.

Key instruments introduced

  • Digital Product Passport (DPP) — structured, machine-readable product data accessible via a data carrier.
  • Performance & information requirements — minimum thresholds on durability, reparability, energy use, recycled content.
  • Destruction of unsold goods — ban on destroying unsold textiles and footwear; applies to large companies from 19 July 2026 and to medium-sized companies from 19 July 2030.
  • Green public procurement — mandatory requirements for public buyers in covered categories.

Primary sources